Functions are defined by their inputs and outputs: So, if f(x) = 2x, and x = 4, then f(4) = 8, right? ALL functions work in the exactly the same way.
So, if f(x) = 3x, and our input was "x+4", then the function looks like, f(x+4) = 3 (x+4).
Or, if our function is f(x) = 7x and the input is "starfish", then the function looks like, f(starfish) = 7 (starfish).
This idea is key in that these substitutions show up in inverses, compositions, Newton's Method, and so on, so be sure to practice these problems and ask if you have any questions.
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